Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
VANA LT 2
Municipality of Anchorage Page DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION P.O. Box 196650 · Anchorage, Alaska 99519-6650 · Telephone: 343-4744 On-Site Wastewater Disposal System and/or Well Inspection Report Name: ~/~O /O~/~" WastewalerSyslem: ~New ~Upgrade Address: ' ~ ~ ABSORPTION FIELD ~hone: ~ ~ ] No. of BeSoms: ~Deep Trench ~ Shallow Trench ~ Bed ~ Mound ~ Other Lot:~ Block: ~Subdiv~i n: Depth 1o pipe bolt~[om original grade: Ft. Gravel depth ~en~h pipe FL Township: ~ I Range: ~ I Section:~ Fffl added above~ina~ grade: FL Gravel length: ~ ~ WELL: ~ New D Upgrade Grave~widm~. ~ Ft. / ~ Ft. Drl far: . ~ Date Drilled: Static Water Leve~: Installer: Date Instal~ed: SEPARATION DISTANCES ~ Septic ~ Holding D S.T.E.P. To Septic Abso~tron Lilt Holding =ob[lc/PrivateManufacturer: Capacity in gallons: Surface w~.r /~O~ /o0~ LIFT STATION LineL°t ~ , 3/ , Sizein gallons: ] Manufacturer: ~ Remarks: BENCH MARK Inspections pedormed by: 17034 E~le RIver kop R~d' ~ 1sI Department of Healthand Human Se~ices approval · Reviewed and approved b~' ~' ~ Date: ~ 72-013 (Rev, 9/91) MOA 25 PERMIT NO. swg70282 PAGE 2 OF 2 MunicipaU2 o? Anchor~c~e DEPARTMENT OF HEALTHAND HUIWAN SERVICES ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION P.O, Box 196650 IAmchorage, Alaska 99519-6650eTelephone: 343-4744 ON-SITE WASTEWATER DISPOSAL SYSTEH AND/OR WELL INSPECTION REPORT LEGAL LOT 2, VANA SUBDIVISION TH#3 · ALT. SITE~~ ~'ש~ NEW TRENCH DBL1 NEW 1250 GAL. SEPTIC TANK P,LD, NO. 015-242-82 A B FCO 16.5' 34.5' ST1 60.5' 12.0' ST2 67.0' 20.0' DBL1 69.0' 22.5' DBL2 70.0' 23.5' C01 129,5' 82.5' MT1 129,5' 82,5' C02 70.5' 42.0' MT2 71.0' 42.5' STI ST2 /FINAL GRADE 3.4~NBW :2 9 1R60 GAL $.T. COl M?! = 94.0' MT CO2 MT2 = 95.0'~] r co~ = 84.0, c02 = 95.0, c01 = 90.1,~ c02 = 90.1, MT! = 93.8' j MT2 = 83.9' · B0H 78.8' NO WATER FOUND RECEIVED ," '., .::.?'! ~:... ,. ' "$EP__.__,~u.~H.~ . ': ''STATEO-~--SAP ~K ': " .'"':'.':"~': DEPARTMENT.OF ~ATUR~L RESOUR.CES ' :.." 'i' ON .OF 'WELL JLOCATION/GKETCH: Munic~paii[y et Anct~orege Dept. Health & Human Services DIVISION OF MINING & WATER MGMT "WATER WELL RECORD C-Is WELL OW.ER: MEASURED FROIVI;~casing fop [~ground suHaoe DATA: Depth Type and Color From TO · .COI~TRACTOR INFORMATION: ~ll~r~ature of A~h0ri~ed Respre~'e~t~tive . t)ate . .' DATE OF CC Dept, h of hole:~:~'~ it Deplh of casing: ft ;PTH TO STATIC WATER'LEVEL: ~-4~_ ~2' ft belo~, ~'~op.o~ o~s~.g [3 METHOD OF D~ILLING: ~ air ro~ary' ~J USE OF WELL: ~'domestic ~ irrigation ~ monitor ~.~ ~ public supply ~ oth0r it. Diem: Casing type: WELL IN'rAKE OPENING TYPE; ~ open en~ ~ perforated ~ opGn hole ' - '." Depths of openings; ' to It,' SCREEN TYPE: Diem: ¢; in. Slot/Mesh Size: It , GRAVEL PACK TYPE: , ,.; Volume used: D~ to top: · ' , · ' GROUT TYPE: __ . Depth: from fi{O' DEVELOPMENT /IETHOD: ~ Duretiorl: PUMFIN( yIEL PUMP INTAICE DEPTH: ~--- ft Hors0power: WELL DISINFECTED UPON COMPLETION;' REMARKS; PLEASE MAILWHITE COPY OF LQG TO: ' DNfllDIVISION'OF MINING & WATER~MGMT : . ' · 3601 C St,,Sullo 800 ' ' . ANCHORAGE AK g9503-5935 Phone (9071269~8639,Fsx i907)562-13l~4 PAGE MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES P.O. BOX 196650, 825 "L" STREET, ROOM 502 ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99519-6650 ON-SITE WELL AND WASTEWATER DISPOSAL SYSTEM PERMIT PERMIT NUMBER:SW970282 DESIGN ENGINEER:S & S ENGINEERING OWNER NANE:VANA REIJO & MARGARETA OWNER ADDRESS:P.O. BOX 100666 ANCHORAGE, AK 99510 PARCEL ID:OlJ~2~2,q7~ O~q~- DATE ISSUED: 8/28/97 EXPIRATION DATE: 8/28/98 LEGAL DESCRIPTION: LOT SIZE: 47611 (SQ. FT.) NUMBER OF BEDROOMS: 4 THIS PERMIT: THIS PERMIT IS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF: DISPOSAL FIELD /SEPTIC TANK / WELL SYSTEM ALL CONSTRUCTION MUST BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH: 1. THE ATTACHED APPROVED DESIGN. 2. ALL REQUIREMENTS SPECIFIED IN ANCHORAGE MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTERS 15.55 AND 15.65 AND THE STATE OF ALASKA WASTEWATER DISPOSAL REGULATIONS (18AAC72) AND DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS (18AAC80). 3. THE ENGINEER MUST NOTIFY DHHS AT LEAST 2 HOURS PRIOR TO EACH INSPECTION. PROVIDE NOTIFICATION BY CALLING 343-4744 ( 24 HOURS ) (NOT REQUIRED FOR WELL ONLY PERMIT) 4. FROM OCTOBER 15 TO APRIL 15 A SUBSURFACE SOIL ABSORPTION SYSTEM UNDER CONSTRUCTION DURING FREEZING WEATHER MUST BE EITHER: A. OPENED AND CLOSED ON THE SAME DAY B. COVERED, SEALED AND HEATED TO PREVENT FREEZING 5. THE FOLLOWING SPECIAL PROVISIONS. SPECIAL PROVISIONS: /~ AMC~i5.~5.060, THE SEPTIC SYSTEM NEEDS TO MAINTAIN ~100 FT SEPARATION DISTANCE FROM A PRIVATE WELL. ~ RECEIVED BY: ~ d6D.~__~.._ DATE: ROBERT C. COWAN, P.E. J~y 31, 1997 CIVIL ENGINEEP~ (907) 694-2979 FAX (907) 694-1211 SEWER&WATER INSPECTION ENGINEERING STUDIES AND REPORTS WELL INSPECTION & FLOWTEST ROAD DESIGN SOIL TEST PERCOLATION TEST STRUCTURAL& MECHANICAL INSPECTIONS MUNIC~ALITY OF ANCHORAGE Department of Health and Hman Services P.O. Box 196650 Anchorage, AK. 99519 REFERENCE: Lot 2, Vana Subdivision Request you issue a permit to drill a well and install a septic system to serve the proposed four bedroom house on the referenced property. Test holes were excavated and percolation tests performed. The approximate location of the test holes are located on the attached site plan. The monitoring tubes within the test holes have been checked and found to be dry. This property has enough area for a furore septic upgrade which can be seen on the attached site plan. We do not anticipate any adverse effects on neighboring wells, septic systems or drainage patterns by the installation of the proposed septic system. If you require additional information, please contact us. Sincerely, Robert C. Cowan, P.E. RCC/mg Enclosure 17034 NORTH EAGLE RIVER LOOP · SUITE 204 " EAGLE RIVER, ALASKA 99577 PERFORMED FOR: ~' LEGAL DESCRIPTION: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 (E~L) % Municipality of Anchorage ~ '/ , ~ ~ ~ DEPARTMENT OFHEALT.&.UMANSERVICES ~)~~ ~ 825 "L" Street, Anchorage, Alaska 99502-0650 ......................... ~--~. S'W Y'-/,,.<E ~ / Sh.'~ Township, Range, Section:T/ SLOPE SITE PLAN WASGROUND WATER ENCOUNTERED? 14- 15- 16- 17- 18- 19- 20- COMMENTS ~ X C~ v'~'-~' ~ 0 Gross Net Depth to Net Reading Date Time Time Water Drop r/Io/,~, ~:.~' - 3 ,-/~" _ ~'~o ~ ~ ~ 3 '/~ " '1~ " ~: ~v ] ~ ~/~" PERCOLATION RATE ~ (minutes/inch) PERC HOLE DIAMETER T/EST RUN BETWEEN -/ ~/'>' ET AND ~' ~/~' FT 17034 Eagle River L~p R~d No. 2~ ACCORDANCE WIT~ ~ ~L GUIDELINES IN EFFECT ON THIS DATE, DATE: 72-~8 (Rev. 4/~) DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES PERFORMED FOR: /~.l ~'~0 V~l~'~ LEGAL DESCRIPTION: ~' '/2 ~ W t/Z / ~o~ I 2 6- 7- 8 9 10 11 12 Municipality o, Anchorage .... NT OF HEAl .Ti t & HUMA~' 825 L Street, Anchorage, Alaska 99502~650 I SOILS LOG -- PERCOLATION TEST J ~ ~ ~ .o~ c. cowAN ~, DATE ~ERFORMEO: ' Township, Range, Section;'~'l ~ A/ v ~3 ~! SLOPE SITE PLAN 13' 14- 15- 16- -- 17- 18 19 ~cc. a"/ Cross Net Depth to Net Reading Date Time Time Water Drop ?'. w - 3'%,., _ ~'.~ / m,~ ~- ~/z' ,/~" ~ '. 0 ~ G '/~" ~/~' pERCOLATION RATE / ~' (minutes/inch) PERC HOLE DIAMETER TEST RUN BETWEEN . G '/~ FTAND '"7 '/~- FT COMMENTS ~-'~' C ~ ~'/~" ~'/~' O CERTIFY T HAT THIS TEST WAS PERFORMED IN DATE: 6'/, ~/'~ r~ : S & $ ENGINEERING PERFORMED BY: ~;'~.; ~,tl;~= R;Yer Loop Koad NO. ACCORDANCE W~Lg~-]~yI~.I~AL GUIDELINES IN EFFECT ON THIS DATE. 72-008 (Rev. 4/85) ROBERT C. COWAN, P.E. CIVIL ENGINEEI:~ SEWER&WATER INSPECTION ENGINEERING STUDIES AND REPOR¢[S WELL INSPECTION & FLOW TEST SITE PLANS ROADOES[GN SOILTEST PERCOLATION TEST STRUCTURAL& MECHANICAL INSPECTIONS ON-SITE WASTEWATER DISPOSAL SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES and MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS (907) 694-2979 FAX (907) 694-1211 REFERENCE: Lot 2,Vana Subdivision July 3 I, 1997 GENERAL: The scope of this project includes the installation ufa 1250 gallon septic tank and a leachfleld trench to serve the proposed four bedroom residence located on the referenced property. Construction shall be in accordance with the approved site plan and design drawings, Municipal permit with any special provisions or conditions, and all applicable State and Municipal Wastewater Disposal Regulations. The contractor shall be responsible tbr obtaining any necessary underground utility locates. Unless specifically agreed othenvise, the property owner shall be responsible for final grading areas subsequently depressed from soil settling. Contractors installing wastewater disposal systems must be certified by the Municipal Health Department for system installations. Owners installing their own systems must also receive prior approval t~om the Municipal Health Department. SEPTIC TANK INSTALLATION: A septic tank is to be constructed by a certified septic tank manufacturer. Construction shall include two 4" cleanouts for pumping access. The septic tank shall be sufficiently bedded to prevent settling or shifting of the tank. All standpipes on the septic tank shall extend a minimum of 12 inches above final grade. 4. Septic tanks installed with less than 4 ff. of cover shall be insulated. 17034 NORTH EAGLE RIVER LOOP · SUITE 204 · EAGLE RIVER, ALASKA 99577 Page Two Lot 2,Vana Subdivision July 31, 1997 A foundation cleanout shall be installed one to four feet from the building foundation. In the line between the tank and the leachfield there shall be two adjacent deanouts (unless an effluent pumping system exists within the septic tank). These cleanouts shall be located on undisturbed soil not mom than 10 ft. from the tank. The first cleanout, in line, shall be to clean toward the leachfield. The second deanout shall be to clean toward the septic tank. Final grading over the septic tank shall be such that a positive slope exists away from the septic tank. ABSORPTION TRENCH/DRAINFIELD INSTALLATION: Excavate the proposed trench to the dimensions shown on the design. The bottom ofthe excavation shall be within 2 inches of level. If the sidewalls of the excavation become smeared, they must be raked or scratched (rafted-up) before gravel (sewer rock) placement. Once the gravel is installed, the distribution pipe is to be installed level with the perforations faced downward. Gravel is then to be placed over the distribution pipe to provide a minimum of 2 inches of cover over the pipe. A silt barrier must be installed between the final gravel layer and the native soil backfill. Ensure the silt barrier covers the entire gravel surface before placing backfill. Monitor tubes shall be of four (4) inch diameter, installed approximately in the locations shown on the design, and extend a minimum of 12 inches above final grade. The portion of the monitoring tube extending through the gravel shall be perforated from the bottom of the trench to the invert of the distribution pipe. This is equivalent to the effective depth of the gravel as noted on the design. Bacldill over the final gravel layer must not be less than twenty-four (24) inches. Insulation must be installed when the backfill depth is less than thirty-six (36) inches. The finish grade over the trench must be mounded to prevent the formation of a depression after settling. MINIMUM MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS: Any septic tank proposed for installation must be constructed by a Municipal approved septic tank manufacturer. The following pipe materials are approved for use in septic system installations in the Municipality of Anchorage: Page Three Lot 2,Vana SubdMsion July 31, 1997 T_j/p e of Pipe Perforated Solid Cast Iron Yes Yes ASTM D3034 (PVC) Yes Yes AS22VI F810 (HDPE) Yes No ASTM D2662 (ABS) Yes Yes Use of a type of pipe other than listed above must be approved by the inspecting engineer. 3. Insulation shall be at least 2" thick extruded direct burial polystyrene (Dow Chemical Company Styrofoam HI or equal). 4. Septic tank inlets and outlets shall be fitted with watertight couplings (Caulder, Femco, or equal). 5. A permeable nontoxic silt barrier (Typar 3401, l¥firafi 140N, or equal) must be installed between the final leachfield gravel layer and the native soil backfill. 6. All leaclrfield gravel (sewer rock) shall be 0.5"-2.5" screened gravel with less than 3% passing the #200 sieve. 7. When sand is being used as a filter material, its gradation specifications must conform to current M.O.A. or D.E.C. requirements, which ever requirement applies. INSPECTIONS: Typically there will be a minimum of three (3) inspections required during the installation of the wastewater disposal system. These inspections will occur as follows: 1. The first inspection must be conducted after the excavation of ditches, pits, trenches, or beds and before the installation of any gravel. A septic tank may be set in place, but may not be backfilled before this inspection. 2. The second inspection must be conducted after the placement of the silt barrier, gravel, distribution lines, standpipes, deanouts, and insulation, but before the placement of any other backfill. 3. The final inspection is to occur upon final grading of the property. Page Four Lot 2,Vana Subdivision July 31, 1997 Often there will be more than these 3 inspections required. Especially with the installation of multiple trenches, sand filters, pressurized distribution systems, etc. Thus, the inspecting engineer is to be contacted at least 24 hours prior to the start of construction. If necessary, a pre- corkqtruction meeting will take place on-site. The inspecting engineer will not coordinate, direct or control in any way the contractors activities. The owner shall contract with the contractor to perform the work outlined in these specifications and plans and in accordance with the attached M.O.A. pemfit. There will be no contractual arrangement existing between the contractor and S & S Engineering. S & S Enginecfing shall be the owner's representative and will inspect the work as stated above to document the contractors activities. Final acceptance of the contractors work rests with the owner and the M.O.A. S & S Engineering shall have no liability to the owner or to others for acts or omissions of the contractor or any other persons performing work on tiffs project or the failure of the contractor to carry out the work in accordance with these constmction documents. S & S Engineering's inspecting engineer will not be responsible for the construction means, methods, techniques, sequence, procedures or the safety precautions incident to this project. CONTRACTOR/INSTALLER MUNICIPALITY Of ANCHORAGE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES Division of Environmental Services On-Site Services Section P.O. Box 196650 Anchorage, Alaska 99519-6650 343-4744 CERTIFICATE OF HEALTH AUTHORITY APPROVAL FOR A SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING Parcel I.D. # 015-242~82 HAA # 1. GENERAL INFORMATION Complete legal description Lot 2, Vana S/D Location (site address or directions) NHN Uppe~' Huffman Road Property owner Mailing address ':Lending agency Mailin. g address Agent Address Re, jo Vana Day phone 345-4351 PO Box 100666, Anchorage, AK 99510 Day ~hone Day phone Unless otherwise requested, HAA will be held for pickup. NUMBER OF BEDROOMS: 4 '; TYPE OF WATER SUPPLY: individual well xxx Community well Public water NOTE: If community well system, provide written confirmation from State ADEC attest- ing to the legality and status of system. TYPE OF WASTEWATER DISPOSAL: Individual on-site Holding tank Community on-site Public sewer NOTE: XXX If community wastewater system, provide written confirmation from State ADEC attesting tO the legality and status of system. 72-925(Rey. 1/91) Front MOA~21 Se STATEMENT OF INSPECTION BY ENGINEER As certified by my seal affixed hereto and as of the validation date shown below, I verify that my investigation of this Health Authority Approval application shows that the on-site water supply and/or wastewater disposal system is safe, functional and adequate for the number of bedrooms and type of structure indicated herein. I further verify that based on the information obtained from the Municipality of Anchorage files and from my investigation and inspection, the on-site water supply and/or wastewater disposal system is in compliance with all Municipal and State codes, ordinances, and regulations in effect on the date of this inspection. $ & S ENGINEERING Phone _~'~ "/- ~ '7 ~' Name of Firm ;7c,$4 Eagle r{iver Loop Road No. 204 Address Eagle River, ,Alaska 99577., = DHHS SIGNATURE X Approved for bedrooms. Disapproved. Conditional approval for bedrooms, with the following stipulations: Additional Comments Date//-/2 - Y~ The Municipality of Anchorage Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) issues Health Authority Approval Certificates based only upon the representations given in paragraph 5 above by an independent professional engineer registered in the State of Alaska. The DH HS does this as a oeu rtesy to purchasers of homes and their lending institutions in order to satisfy certain federal and state requirements. Employees of DH HS do not conduct inspections or analyze data before a certificate is issued. The Municipality of Anchorage is not responsible for errors or omissions in the professional engineer's work. Municipality of Anchorage ,0el' DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICE~ Environmental Services D v s on ,~/~1UNI(~IPALI~¥ , · ,RONMENTAL SI~,VICI~S r~;Vl~ 825 L Street, Room 502 · Anahorage, Alaska 99501 · (907) 343-4744 Health Authority Approval Checklist Legal Description: ~-o7- ;L ¥//~, R- -~'/~ Parcel I.D.: A, WELL DATA Well type Log present I~/N) Total depth Sanitary seal IfA, B, or C, attach ADEC letter. ADEC water system number Date completed ~' / ~ / w ~ f Cased to ;~o 'r~ ~J '~ Casing height (above ground) Wires properly protected (~N) Date of test Static water level Well production FROM WELL LOG AT INSPECTION ~] ,. '-~ g.p.m. g.p.m. WATER SAMPLE RESULTS: Coliform Date of sample: B. SEPTIC/HOLDING TANK DATA Date installed ~/l~J/~J ~/ Tank size Nitrate Collected by: Other bacteria S & S ENGINEERING Eagle River, Alaska 9~577 J~.~'O Number of Compartments -:2_ Cleanouts~lN) ~'~J' Foundation cleanout I~N) Date of pumping, r~ c. ABSORPTION FIELD DATA ' Date installed ~//"/~ Length ~ ~' ~; .Width Effective absorption area Date of adequacytest Depression (Y/~ /~ o High water alarm (Y/I~) A/0 Pumper -- Soil rating ~..d./~or ft~/bdrm) .d), ~ System type /~ Gravel thickness below pipe (~ Total depth // Monitoring Tube present~/N) Ye_r Depression over field (Y~ ~ 0 ,-~,u Results (Pass/Fail) For Y bedrooms Fluid depth in absorption field before test (in.); Fluid depth (ins) Minutes later: Peroxide~ _-.-----~-'-"~-sorption rate = .... g.p.d. If yes, give date 72-026 (Rev. 3/96)* LIFT STATION Date installed Manhole/Access (Y/N) High water alarm level at* Cycle~ Size in gallons ~ "Pump on" leve~' level at* E. SEPARATION DISTANCES SEPARATION DISTANCES FROM WELL ON LOT TO: Septic/holding tank on lot Absorption field on lot Public sewer main Sewer/septic service line ! O0 On adjacent lots / / O o -f'- On adjacent lots Public sewer manhole/cleanout Lift station /0o /O0 4- SEPARATION DISTANCES FROM SEPTIC/HOLDING TANK ON LOTTO: Foundation '~' f -/'- Property line G '-/~ Absorption field. Water main/service line ?o -/- Surface water/drainage / oo + Wells on adjacent lots F. SEPARATION DISTANCE FROM ABSORPTION FIELD ON LOT TO: Property line 3 1" Building foundation ! ~ /-/- Surface water ) o 0 flk' HAA FeeS Date of Payment 2 Receipt Number~.~ // Water main/service line /0 Driveway, parking/vehicle storage area ~ o Curtain drain r~ o ,v ¢. ~ ,v o ~ ~ Wells on adjacent lots ) o o ENGINEER'S CERTIFICATION ~:'"' I .... cedi~ that I have dete~ined thru field inspections and.review, of Municipal reco~¢~{~, ~n conformance w~th MOA ~ ~jdelines ~ effect on th~s date. .~ ~ Waiver Fee $ Date of Payment Receipt Number 72-026 (Rev. 3/96)* MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE MEMORANDUM WATER WELL ADVISORY puring a recent Health Authority Approval on-site inspection and test of the potable water supply well on Lot ~ Block ~ of ~j/~ Subdivision, the well's productivity was determined to be ,~- gallons per minute. The m~n~mum well productivity required by this Department (AMC 15.55) for a ~ bedroom-residence is o4~ gallons per minute. Although the subject well currently exceeds this minimum requirement, all parties concerned are advised that the production capacity of the well may fluctuate. Restriction of non-critical water uses such as washing cars and watering lawns and gardens may be required. This advmsory must be attached ~o all copies ~f the subject Health Authority Approval. ,~T~ CT&E Environmental Services Inc. CT&E Ref.# 986156002 Client Name S & S Engineering Project Name/# N/A Client Sample ID Lt 2 Vana S/D Matrix Dr~nlclng Water Ordered By PWSID Sample RemarkS: o Client POg Printed Date/Time 10/26/98 14:15 Collected Date/Time 10/22/98 10:00 Received Date/Time 10/22/98 10:35 Technical Director: Stephen C. Ede Atto~abte Prep AnaLysis #ethod ' Limits Date Oate Init Nttrate-N Total CoLiform 1.57 0.100 ntg/L EPA 300.0 0 '- coL/lOOM. S#18 9222B 10 mx I0/22/~8 10/?.3/98 GCP 10/Z2/98 yale